How is the chestnut grafted and managed? What are the management precautions after chestnut grafting? After the chestnut is exchanged for high quality, it can greatly improve the fruit quality and yield. Therefore, the following will bring you chestnut high-replacement and post-harvest management. 1 Different ages of the technology 1.1 Reconstruction of chestnut trees with few results, low yield, and ageless results When the chestnut is connected, the first thing to do is to strengthen the management of soil and fertilizer, update the canopy, and quickly restore the tree. After the tree is strong, it will be upgraded. The weak tree is directly connected to the high transformation effect. Generally, the skin is connected and the skin is connected, the thinner rootstock of the rootstock is inserted into the skin, and the thicker branches are connected by the skin. The time is from late April to early May, when the germination of the tree has not been carried out. The scion should be good. According to the distance of 30~40cm, a scion is grafted, and the top shoots are not grafted to ensure a certain amount of branches and leaves, so that the tree has a strong transpiration effect, which is convenient for water and nutrients to rise. The 10cm thick branches ensure more than 10 scions, and the 20cm thick branches ensure more than 20 scions, and the results of the current year are grafted. 1.2 Reconstruction of young and middle-aged trees and low-yielding residual crown trees Multi-head (multi-screw, multi-interface), multi-site (multi-site) grafting. When cutting the anvil, take into account the growth of the tree, reasonably shape, and try to reduce the height of the graft interface (the distance between the interface and the ground) and the thickness (interface diameter) to reduce the height of the canopy. Under the premise of not mentioning the height of the interface, try to limit the thickness of the rootstock interface to a small range, so that the interface can heal completely in the same year. When grafting and transformation, according to the happy shape standard, one step is in place, and the skin is connected by abdomen. Only one scion is used, and the branch is 10 cm or less, and the scion is grafted every 2 m on the same side of 10 cm and about 1 m on both sides. In the future, a large result branch group will be formed. When the diameter is 30cm, the heart is removed, and the top 4 leaves are removed to promote the new result branch group. If the tree is too thick, the rootstock can be sawed first, and then grafted after the next year. 1.3 Seedlings of old trees and old trees The mature chestnut tree and the old chestnut tree are larger. The cutting technique can be used first, that is, the crown portion of the tree is cut off at a dry height of 1.0 to 1.5 m, and the section is flattened to make it a taro shape. In the spring, its buds sprout many branches. In the 30~120cm years below the kerf, five or six branches with strong growth, suitable orientation and branches are opened, and the backbone branches or main branches are cultivated. The rest of the sprouted branches are erased. Pick up the branches at the right time, and promote the germination of the side branches, ready for grafting in the spring of the next year. Grafting methods generally use a leather connection. 2 Grafting precautions 2.1 Marriage interface protection Marriage interface should be tight, stagnation, airtight, and no water. If the rootstock is too thick, such as the interface diameter is more than 10cm, it is very difficult to wrap the plastic strip. It can be pasted with dry tape, water plasticine or construction neutral sealant. It can also be sealed with a foam sealant. Shake it evenly, and face it down. Spray it on a large plastic sheet of palm. It is about the size of a walnut and is attached to the interface. Easy and convenient. The grafting of chestnut trees will cause a large number of wounds. In order to prevent the wounds from infecting the bacteria and heal as early as possible, it is necessary to protect the large cutting saw. (1) Tu Meiyuan brand healing agent, the wound can be well healed within 1 year. (2) Applying paste. When the chestnut is grafted from the end of April to the beginning of May, the flour is chopped with water, made into a thin paste, placed in a container, and the beta-cypermethrin or the chlorpyrifos is added inwardly, stirred evenly, and the paste is brushed on the graft. The outside of the wrapped plastic strip, or the kerf with a diameter of more than 3cm, can avoid pests and avoid pests such as chestnuts and moths. 2.2 Flexible use of chestnut scion inverted plug The scion is inserted into the scion, the top is down, the rootstock is cut down, and the scion is inserted upward into the rootstock incision into the cortex. In the area where the erect branches are too long and have no branches, the scion can be properly inserted when the skin is inserted into the abdomen. After the survival, the branches are bent downwards and then grow upwards, which is conducive to angle opening and ease the growth of the branches. result. When inserting the skin on a thicker rootstock, two or more scions were inserted into the rootstock section to interfere with each other. After the improvement, one scion can be grafted normally on the rootstock and the other scion can be inserted in the vicinity of the rootstock incision. In this way, one scion grows normally upwards, and the inverted scion grows to the lower side to avoid competition and branch disorder after survival. 2.3 Chestnut falling crown can not be too heavy Large chestnut trees with larger diameters, some chestnut farmers are removed from the base of large branches, and more scions are inserted at the base. Although the trees can be completely dwarfed, the success rate is not high; if not, it is easy to cause dead trees. The crown is too heavy, the grafted scion is small, only the long tree, no result, the branches are long, and the yield is slow. Generally speaking, the chestnut tree was grafted in the same year, and the second year was still long. The third year began a small amount of results. Not only did the recovery rate be too slow, but the result was less, and the tree was difficult to control. 2.4 grafting tools are often disinfected In fruit trees, many germs and viruses are artificially transmitted through grafting tools. Therefore, grafting tools should be sterilized and sterilized frequently during grafting, and cannot be grafted with tools with poisonous bacteria. It is best to use the fruit tree trimming tool disinfectant, which is a spray, which is easy to use with a hand spray. 2.5 Pay attention to the configuration of pollination varieties Many chestnut gardens are not equipped with pollination trees and result in low yields. Do not graft a single variety when grafting is good, there must be 10% of the pollination variety, a chestnut garden must graft at least 2 varieties, preferably three or four varieties within a radius of 50 m, if grafting the old chestnut around the chestnut garden There are more trees, and there is no need to graft the pollination variety. 3 Management after grafting 3.1 In addition to sprouting, unbinding, set the bracket In time, the sprouts on the rootstock are erased; when the new shoots are 20 cm long, the interface is ligated and the new shoots are tied to the pillars. 3.2 After the chestnut tree is reconnected, the branches are prevented from growing. The newly grafted chestnut saplings will be topped when the new shoots reach 50cm in July, and the top 2~4 leaves will be removed to promote the new result branches. In the case of normal heart-selecting crowns, the top can be capped in time, but for large tree grafting, because the root-shoot ratio is out of balance, the new shoots grow too vigorously. If the crown is not controlled by the topping, the branches can be used to ease the growth of the branches. Conducive to the flowering, grafting and transformation of the chestnut tree can achieve 5~10kg. 3.3 Grafting is not friendly and is saved by bridging It was found that the healing was not good due to the affinity problem, and it was immediately bridged in the spring of the following year. Later, it was found that the marrying interface became thicker, and the bridging was carried out early in the spring. The budding of the following can be used for the excavation. If there is no budding, the skin can be inserted around the skin. The above is the entire content of chestnut graft management. Farmers who need it can come to Huinong.com to learn more about related technologies. Packing Net or Glass Bottle Net Packing Net,Packaging Nets,Packaging Net,Fruit Packaging Net Changzhou Satidi Import and Export Co., Ltd. , https://www.guanjiejts.com
