Ganoderma
tea (Reishi Mushroom Tea/ Lingzhi Tea) is made of 100% USDA certified organic
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(II) Causes of cotton diseases The inferior seeds, low temperature, high humidity, and extensive sowing are the causes of cotton disease.
1. Climatic conditions Various pathogens of cotton diseases reproduce rapidly under high humidity conditions, but low temperature is not conducive to the growth of cotton roots. Some early sowing cotton fields, in the spring cold and rainy conditions, the young root growth is slow, and the pathogen infection is frequent, easily causing bad species, bad buds.
2. Seed quality Seeds of low maturity, or moisture mold, easy to rotten seeds, bad shoots; not only is not conducive to emergence, but also after the emergence of weak seedlings, easy to infect.
3. Tillage cultivation practices The accumulation of pathogens in continuous cropping cotton fields was more than that of intercropping and crop rotation. The longer the consecutive years, the heavier the disease. Low-lying, poorly-draining cotton fields, high soil moisture, low ground temperature, poor ventilation, poor root development of cotton seedlings, and susceptibility to disease; extensive site preparation or cultivation, excessive soil application, or excessive soil sowing, affecting the emergence of cotton seedlings Serious; premature sowing, cotton seedlings unearthed, easy to disease.
(c) Disease symptoms
1. Rotten cotton seedlings before the emergence of rotten species, near the soil surface was yellow-brown disease class, after the performance of contracture, cotton seedlings fell, in the rapid development of the disease, the stem was dark brown wet rot, cotton seed withered . Cotyledons appear irregular brown lesions after infestation.
2. Cotton seedlings Anthracnose Before the emergence of roots and young buds become yellow-brown rotten, after the emergence of the stem in the stem, the emergence of small red-brown spots, after the expansion of brown slightly concave short strips, the lesion edge dark red brown, sometimes sick There is a crack in the spot. When the disease was severe, the lesions were wet and the cotton seedlings grew slowly.
3. The young stalks of cotton seedlings were basally wet and sloping near the ground, then they developed yellow, gradually rotted and browned, and those with severe soft rots were lodging. Both young roots and cotyledons can be damaged.
4. Pre-emergence buds and young root black rot of cotton seedlings with red rot, and the roots, stem bases, cotyledons, and true leaves after unearthing can be infected. The root tips of the roots grew yellow-brown to brown, causing the roots to rot, and the roots and bases of the stems became thicker and brown streaks appeared. The cotyledons produce irregular or near-circular lesions on the leaf margins, and the diseased areas produce a pink or pinkish mildew layer when the humidity is high.
5. The cotyledon, true leaf, petiole, and stem of cotton seedling stem blight can be affected. Cotyledons and true leaves develop yellow-brown or brownish round spots in the early stages of disease, with purple-red edges. The lesions were round or irregular at the later stage of the lesion, brown with round-ringed ring spots, and dark brown spots on the surface, ie conidia. Petiole and stem lesions were brown, diamond-shaped or oblong, depressed, easily broken.
(4) Prevention and cure methods Miao disease prevention mainly includes three aspects: seed treatment, cultivation, disease prevention, and spraying control. For diseased seedlings that are mainly infected by seed bacteria, such as anthrax, they can receive good control and control effects through seed treatment, but they are less effective for seed and soil-borne diseases. The cultivation and management of disease prevention is mainly to create environmental conditions that are conducive to strong seedlings and are not conducive to disease.
1. Seed treatment
(1) Soaking before sowing: The bacteria on the surface of the seeds can be killed and germination can be performed. 1 constant temperature soaking seed. That is, soaking with warm water of 55--60°C for half an hour, the water surface must exceed the seed, keep stirring and keep the water temperature even. 2 open a cool soaking species. That is, 3 parts of boiled water plus 1 part of cold water becomes warm water of about 70°C, and the amount of water is 2.5 times that of seeds. When the seeds are poured into the water, the water temperature is about 60°C, and stirring is continued, so that the water temperature is consistent until the water temperature drops and the stuffy species is removed. Because the temperature tolerated by the cotton seed is 10°C higher than the lethal temperature of the pathogen, soaking in warm water can germinate germination.
(2) Chemical seed dressing: The commonly used seed dressings for cotton include tolclofos-methyl, carbendazim, seed-stirring, pentachloronitrobenzene, anthraquinone fortune, and fungicides, and can also be used as a seed dressing. law. If more than five mixed agents (pentachloronitrobenzene plus carbendazim) seed dressing, can effectively control blight, anthrax and red rot and so on.
(3) Seed coating agent treatment: The seed surface is coated with a layer of “coating†containing pesticides, growth regulators, trace fertilizers, etc. to control pests and diseases and promote root system development.
2.Cultivation and disease prevention Firstly, fine seeds are selected and sun seeded before sowing so as to improve the seedlings' ability to resist disease; before sowing, fine soil preparation is required to enable the seedlings to be successfully unearthed. After excavation, early cultivating, deep cultivating and raising the ground temperature can reduce the disease. When arranging for grazing, it should be avoided for many years.
3. Spray control can be combined with pest control at the same time. The disease of leaf spot was controlled with 25% Benzoate or 800 times as high as Zinc or 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture.
(1) The types of diseases at the seedling stage of cotton There are more than ten diseases at the seedling stage of cotton, of which the main causes of bad seedlings, rotten shoots, stem base rot and root rot include blight, anthrax, and red rot; Fall disease and root rot. In order to harm the cotyledons, leaves and stems mainly stem blight, blight, black spot, round spot disease and angular spot disease. The largest impact on production is the former, because they can cause a large number of dead seedlings in the early stages, causing shortage of seedlings and ridges, which has a great impact on production.