Overview of full-range mechanized production techniques for Kentucky bluegrass Based on the top-level design, the full-range mechanized production technology of the weeds will focus on the three aspects of agro-technical requirements, agricultural equipment allocation, and the overall planning and design of the park plots in the process of mechanized production of northern China outcrops. The sorghum mulching and transplanting two planting models cover the mechanization techniques of intensive cultivation, ploughing, spreading fertilization, transplanting, field management, harvesting, and post-harvest waste treatment. Among them, arable land, intensive cultivation, Mechanized transplanting and mechanical harvesting are the main technologies. At present, it is mainly used for the promotion and application of vegetable basket production bases in Beijing and Beijing, and has achieved good results. Increase production and efficiency The whole process of mechanized production of bluegrass is popularized and applied at the vegetable production bases of vegetable baskets in Beijing and Beijing. The adoption of this technology for mechanized production can ensure the density of cabbage planted, ensure the production of cabbage, and average the transplanting planting rate per mu. No. 21 cabbage more than 4500, the average per mu output of up to 4500kg or more, small sorghum transplanted per acre planted Zhong Gan No. 21 cabbage more than 4100, the average per mu output of up to 4,000 kg or more, the use of the technology for mechanized operations, Compared with the traditional artificial production technology, it can save more than 70% of the labor cost, and has a good effect of saving labor and increasing production and income. Full-range mechanization production techniques The whole process of mechanized production of deep-fried cabbage includes 26 technical nodes in seven links. The key links are arable land preparation, nursery, transplanting and harvesting. The specific technical points are as follows. (a) ploughing and soil preparation 1. Plot preparation. For newly-added vegetable fields, it is necessary to accurately measure the basic parameters of the original block, such as firmness and flatness. 2. Laser flat ground. For sites with poor basic conditions and rough terrain, laser leveling operations will be carried out first. Based on the original cultivated land conditions, under the three restrictive conditions of keeping the amount of earthwork consistent, reducing the damage to the plough layer, and satisfying the drainage requirements, the optimum conditions for the formation are to be optimized. Good laser flatland plan, using a laser grader, adjusting the tilt angle, and carrying out the laser (oblique) plane laser flat work to ensure that the vegetable field is in the same water (oblique) plane. 3. Deep, rotary, and suppression operations. After ensuring the operation of ploughing, the rate of smashed soil in the cultivating layer should be ≥85%, especially the topsoil should be finely crushed to facilitate mechanized transplanting. 4. Rigging. For the transplanting of small sorghum film, a ridger was used to carry out the operation. The ridge width was 60cm, the ridge width was 75cm, the ridge width was 25cm, and the ridge height was 15cm. This ensures that the ridging line is straight and the ridge shape is neat. (B) Nursery Use intensive cultivation methods. 1. Seed selection: In the cabbage varieties suitable for the local open field, comprehensive selection of cabbage varieties resistant to bolting, high yield, relatively tight balling, small development, long shortened stems, and not suitable for cracking should be taken as main varieties. Guarantee seed purity and germination rate. 2. Plug selection: Use a cup-type transplanter to carry out transplanting operations. It is recommended to use seedling trays with about 72 holes for nursery; use a chain-cutter transplanter to carry out transplanting operations. It is recommended to use seedlings with about 105 holes to raise the seedlings. . In addition, it should be noted that transplanting operations of some transplanters at home and abroad have special requirements for other aspects of nursery. For example, Yanmar automatic transplanting machines need special seedling disks. 3. Sowing date selection: According to the requirements of the cultivation of cabbage varieties and the date of transplanting the planting date, the appropriate early sowing and proper arrangement of the hardening seedlings shall be conducted. 4. Equipment selection: The annual seedling quantity can be selected within 2 million plants to carry out the sowing operation with hand-held air-suction seeders; the annual seedling volume is between 2 million and 20 million; the seedling planter can be used for seeding operations; the annual seedling quantity is stable. More than 20 million plants can be matched with seedling sowing lines based on actual production needs. In the management process, mobile seedbeds, nursery sprayers, temperature-increasing equipment, and seedlings are selected. (c) Transplanting 1. Planting period selection: Under the premise of guaranteeing the temperature and ground temperature, reasonable arrangements will be made according to the variety characteristics and market demand. In the integrated demonstration process in the Beijing area and other bases outside the city, a two-year cultivation is adopted. The early spring and mid-maturing varieties are selected in spring and spring and the spring and summer harvests are used in spring and spring; the medium and late-maturing varieties are selected in autumn and winter, and the summer seedling cultivation, summer and autumn cultivation, and autumn are Winter harvest. 2. Seedling requirements: 4 leaves and 1 heart, the whole plant height is about 15cm, good uniformity, compaction of soil, plant stout. 3. Equipment selection: A kind of small sorghum film transplanting, using a cup-type transplanter, will help increase the temperature and protect the oysters. One is to transplant without a flat film, and a chain clip type transplanter is used to improve the working efficiency. In the process of transplanting, field management, and harvesting farm machinery operations, the Beidou satellite automatic driving system is selected based on the unified power equipment to ensure accurate row spacing between crops, and reduce the demand for manual driving technology while significantly improving the quality of operations. And efficiency, in the process of harvesting and management, ensure that the tire pressure is on the rim of the tractor at the time of transplanting, and the food is not pressed and the food is not damaged. 4. Operational quality requirements: The average seedling leakage rate is ≤3.5%, the average bare root rate is ≤3.5%, the average seedling seedling rate is ≤3.5%, and the qualified rate of planting seedlings is ≥95%. After installation of the BeiDou satellite autopilot system, the average per plant is 100m. Move distance ≤ 2.5cm. (d) Harvesting 1. Before cabbage is harvested, cabbage harvesting and transportation baskets (with an average of approximately 40kg of cabbage to be loaded), special auxiliary cutters, and artificial harvesting to open up the working channel before the operation are carried out, and the cycle is circled or reciprocated. 2. When harvesting cabbage using a cabbage harvester, use a conveyor belt of suitable length and adjust the disc cutter to a suitable height to ensure that neither cabbage balls nor shovels are cut. The average harvester is equipped with 4-6. The person cuts the outer leaf and screens it. 3. The quality of the work should reach the cabbage breakage rate ≤ 3% and the harvesting efficiency ≥ 5000 plants/hour. Disclaimer: Some articles in this website have been transferred from the Internet. If you are involved in third party legal rights, please inform this website. phone
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