The choice of planting green manure, rapeseed and pea before tobacco cultivation is an effective technical measure to cultivate fertility. In recent years, it has been proved through the production practice of various tobacco fields that soil organic matter can be increased, fertility can be improved, physical and chemical properties can be improved, fertilizer retention, water conservation and temperature increase can be achieved. Increased ability, reduced pests and diseases; tobacco plants as early as fast, balanced growth, good leaf opening, yield increase, tobacco leaf quality improvement; reduce fertilizer and fertilizer input costs and other good results. One, dice 1, growth characteristics Gardenia also known as blue flower grass, nest vegetables, wild peas, etc., annual or new year legume green manure. The roots are well-developed, the main roots are deeply rooted, and the penetrating power is strong. The roots of chickens have coronal nodules in the roots of the chicken. The fertilizer has a large effect and has a rapid fertilizer effect. It is the main winter green manure crop cultivated in the tobacco field. There are many types of scorpions, and the most cultivated ones at present are light-leaf alfalfa, followed by alfalfa. Guangye alfalfa is suitable for planting in the southern region. Scorpion bogey drought, afraid of monks? n, hi moist, good warm, optimum growth and development temperature of 20 °C, seedlings shade sheltered, early growth is slow, late growth. It can grow normally in the soil with pH 5.0-8.5, and it is suitable for soil with moist soil, loose texture and moderate fertility, and it is easy to obtain high yield. 2, cultivation points (1) Sowing period. The sowing time of the dumplings should be based on the climate and the mouth. It is generally appropriate from mid-September to early October and no later than the end of October. Appropriate early sowing, slightly higher temperatures, good sensation, rapid emergence, seedlings full seedlings, back to the early morning after winter, rapid seedlings, not only fresh grass production, surface and easy to use as soon as possible, easy to ridicule soil preparation and transplanting. (2) Seed treatment. 1 sun seed. Selecting the seeds first and selecting the fine weather for 5-6 hours can increase the activity of the enzymes in the seeds and increase the germination rate and germination potential. 2 Soaking. Soaking with water for 15-20 hours will help seeds absorb enough water to promote early germination. The seeds that have been soaked are best sown in moister fields to prevent the soil from drying and damaging the sprouts. 3 mixed rhizobia. Gardenia jasminoides is a leguminous plant with a rhizobia symbiotic in the roots, artificially attached to rhizobia, promotion of rhizobia, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, high yield of fresh grass, and land fertilization. Therefore, no matter whether it is in the old district or in the new district, it is better to use rhizobial fungi. The inoculation method is: First, the rhizobia agent is adjusted to a thin paste with clear water (the amount can be referenced to the species specification), and the treated seeds are put into and mix well so that each seed can be stained with a bacterial agent. Bacteria can not be sun-bathed, shade dry to a little dry, per acre with calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer or after brewing of superphosphate 5-10 kg seed dressing, can be sown. (3) Cultivation methods and seeding rate. 1 single species. Putian with high yield of fresh grass, usually 7-10 million basic seedlings per acre, about 14,000 seedlings per catty seed, suitable for 5-6 kg per acre. 2 mixed species. Generally larger than a single significant increase in production. Mainly in rice dumplings, properly mixed with vegetables, rape, etc. 2.5-3.5 pounds per mu mussels, 0.5-0.7 pounds of ju dishes, and 0.4-0.6 pounds of rape. (4) sowing method. 1 Rice seeded at the bottom. Should be mastered in rice after heading grouting hook, in the field when there is a thin shallow water sowing, water management should be mastered in the 3 days after sowing, field surface water can be dry as the principle, that is both germinate water, but also avoid water Immersion buds. To take a split box (2-4 meters for one-box) quantitative uniform sowing, to prevent leakage broadcast. And pay attention to grasp the time of rice dumplings under the rice is suitable for 15-20 days, time is too long, it is easy to cause leggy and weak. 2 plate field sowing. When the late rice is harvested, the height of the retained rice pile is 30-40 cm and the wet soil in the Putian soil is sown. If the soil is arid, it should be irrigated once and then watered. 3 planting soil. After harvesting the crops in autumn harvest, timely turning over the soil, smashing the soil, finely soil preparation, drawing the car to sow and planting the species. Should pay attention to the impact of drought, germination, can be taken after the rain robbing sowing. (5) Rational fertilization. The wolfberry fruit is more sensitive to the response of phosphate fertilizer. When the soil is deficient in phosphorus, the seedling growth is poor, which affects the yield of green manure. In addition to sowing seedlings with phosphate fertilizer, but also per mu soil fertilizer 1500-3000 kg, 30-40 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer under the species, so that no phosphorus is not under the species. As a top dressing, 10-20 kg of calcium per acre can be applied after Miao. After the spring, a small amount of chemical fertilizer such as human waste and ammonium sulfate can be applied to promote the growth of green manure to achieve the purpose of “changing small fertilizers for large fertilizersâ€. (6) Field management. 1 open drainage irrigation ditch. Scorpions are afraid of waterlogging, so they need to be excavated before the sowing. They should be excavated with three furrows (gutters, gutters, gutters) with a width of 20-30 cm and a furrow depth of 15-20 cm. Ensuring that energy and energy can be discharged. 2 control of pests and diseases. Diseases and insect pests mainly include powdery mildew, thrips, and armyworm. When powdery mildew occurs, the diseased plants are removed in a timely manner and burned out of the field. They are sprinkled with sulfur lime powder (1:30-40) or lime powder at the center of the disease to prevent spread. Insect pests can be sprayed with a 40% dimethoate emulsion or a marathon emulsion. Second, rape 1, growth characteristics Brassica is a Brassica brassica, annual or more annual oil crop. With luxuriant leaves, leaves, fallen flowers, and seedlings are tender, easy to decompose, and have good fertilizer effect, they can improve the soil and improve soil fertility. The root system of rape can also secrete a kind of root acid, which can dissolve the mineral phosphorus in the soil and cultivate the soil strength. It is beneficial to the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco. It is a good green manure crop. Rapeseed prefers a warm and humid climate and is more resistant to cold. In soil pH 6.5-7.5, the best texture is sand, loam or clay loam. 2, cultivation points (1) Sowing period. Appropriate sowing, easy access to high yields. It is generally from late September to mid-October and no later than the end of October. (2) Seed treatment. Seeds should be sown before sowing to remove pods, seeds, and sclerotia. Shaizhong 1-2 days. At the same time, germination tests should be conducted. Low germination rates cannot be used for seeds. (3) Sowing amount. In order to obtain high yields of fresh grass, the planting density should be appropriately increased. The seeding rate depends on the seed germination rate and soil moisture. The average mu seeding rate is 1.5-2 kg. (4) sowing method. 1 sowing seeds. When the late rice hits the head, the Tanaka water will gradually drain away. After the harvest, it will turn to the ground and grind the soil, so that the deep plows will be finely chopped and the soil will be finely grounded. Land-grown rapeseeds are easy to obtain high yield due to loose and fine soil, neat seedlings. 2 plate field sowing. When the late rice is harvested, low-pile rice stubs (below 10 cm) are left, and when the soil is moist, it is sowed. If the paddy fields are too dry and the racehorses have to be sown, this method has less labor and is advantageous for the season. However, we must strengthen weeding and weeding. 3 compartments are evenly seeded. Generally, 40 mu of dry fine soil per mu and 2 kg of borax are mixed to sow the seed after sowing. Then every mu of mixed fertilizer 2000-3000 kg mixed with 30-50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer cover seed fertilizer, conditional, after sowing, dilute fecal water per mu 1000-1500 kg, can promote seedlings, Jianmiao. (5) Field management. Mainly fertilization, drought prevention and control of pests and diseases. In the rapeseed field with low soil fertility, a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer should be applied at the third leaf stage. In general, 2,000 pounds of diluted manure or 8 pounds of urea and 20 to 30 pounds of calcium, magnesium, phosphate fertilizer are used for top dressing. Due to the fear of drought in rapeseed, it is necessary to excavate wells, gutters, and ditches so as to achieve drainage and drought irrigation. Rape seedlings are vulnerable to aphids, cabbage caterpillars, etc., and must be sprayed with 40% dimethoate or 90% crystal trichlorfon 1000 times in time. It is best to spray carbendazim once in the three-leaf period to prevent diseases such as sclerotia and downy mildew. Three peas 1, growth characteristics Peas are also called winter beans, snow beans, and wheat beans. Adaptability, easy to grow, fresh bean seedlings perishable, fertilizer effect, fertilizer effect is fast. Root rhizobia, nitrogen fixation, can improve soil fertility, is also a good cultivation of green manure crops in winter tobacco fields. Peas have wide adaptability, can resist drought and cold, paddy fields and dry land can be planted. A cold and humid climate is required. The requirements for soil are not strict, and it is better to use viscous loam with good lime and good drainage and to adapt to the PH5.5-6.7. 2, cultivation points Pea cultivation techniques are basically similar to those of wolfberry. Sowing time is 10-15 days later than that of rice dumplings, and the sowing amount is 8-10 pounds/mu, which can be used for soil preparation and field spreading. The soil must be moist and covered after sowing. Sensitive to phosphate fertilizer, as a base fertilizer or early concentrated fertilization effect is good, and during the growth period should also pay attention to drought relief. Omega-3 Fish Oil,Fish Oil 10/50 Tg,Omega 3 Fish Oil,10/50 Tg Fish Oil ZHOUSHAN SINOMEGA BIOTECH ENGINEERING CO.,LTD , https://www.sinomegabiotech.com