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1. Application techniques (1) Controlling objects: Triazine herbicides mainly control annual weeds and perennial weeds that are propagated with seeds. In annual weeds, their control of dicotyledonous methoxyl is superior to grass weeds. Among the trinitrogen herbicides only methoxy-triazine herbicides can control some perennial weeds. Triazine herbicides mainly kill weed sprouts and should be applied after crops are grown and before weeds sprout. Although some herbicides can also be applied post-emergence, they should be used during the young stage of weeds. (2) Dosage and application period: The application amount should be determined according to the soil texture and application time. Triathazone herbicides such as atrazine and simazine have a long residual effect and are liable to cause phytotoxicity to crops under the mandible. They must be produced in accordance with the instructions for use or under the guidance of the technical department. Among the soil properties, the greatest influence on the activity of triazine herbicides was the content of soil organic matter and clay. In the soil with high content of clay and organic matter, Simazine can reduce the toxicity of the plant. Soil pH is also an important factor influencing the herbicidal effect of triazine herbicides. However, the pH value of the soil has little effect on atrazine, and under all conditions, atrazine is safer for corn.
2. Remediation measures for phytotoxicity Triazine herbicides have strong selectivity and are safe for a few crops such as corn, but they are prone to phytotoxicity to other crops. The phytotoxicity of this class of herbicides is mainly prevented by the safe application technology of herbicides. After the occurrence of phytotoxicity, different remedial measures should be taken depending on the degree of phytotoxicity. When the harm to the plant is light, the crops can be restored in the short term by strengthening the management of fertilizers and water, spraying sodium bisulfite, brassinosteroids, and sodium nitroprusside, etc.; , irrigation, and replanting crops that are insensitive to this type of herbicide.
Second, amide herbicides
1. Application techniques (1) Control targets: Most of the amide herbicides are mainly used to control annual grass weeds and some broad-leaved weeds, and they have poor control effects on perennial weeds. Chloroacetamide herbicides such as acetochlor, alachlor, metolachlor, and butachlor are soil treatment agents and are effective agents for controlling grass weeds. N-Phenyl-DI-alanine, such as Xinyanling, Meflomin, Metylamine, is a stem and leaf treatment agent. It is a special agent for controlling oatmeal in wheat fields. Dioscorea is a stem-leaf treatment agent and can also be used to control alfalfa in rice fields. Naphtholamine can be used to control broad-leaved weeds and sedges in paddy fields and is ineffective against alfalfa. (2) Dosage and application period: Chloroacetamide herbicides have the highest herbicidal activity against acetochlor. It is suitable for soils with high organic matter content. Usually under the conditions of high temperature and high soil moisture, the best weed control effect is achieved, and the dosage can be appropriately reduced; at low temperatures, the effect is poor and the dosage should be increased. Propene, butachlor and naphthylamine are mainly used to remove seedlings in rice fields. The enemy is very safe for rice. When it is applied, it must be completely drained before spraying, whether it is paddy field, direct-broad field, or planting field. In the case of uniform spraying, increase the amount of water properly, and the effect will be better. After spraying for 1-2 days, the water layer can be deepened to submerge the valerian leaves. New Yan Ling, Mefluramine, and Isopropylamine have special effects on the control of wild oats, but they are harmless to wheat and are applied at high temperatures and when oatgrass grows vigorously, and have a good weed control effect.
2. Remediation measures for phytotoxicity Amide herbicides are relatively safe for crops. However, due to excessive drug use or adverse environmental conditions during the production process, corresponding remedial measures should be taken in different situations after sowing. Before germination, in the event of rainfall or flooding after spraying, crops are prone to phytotoxicity. Under normal circumstances, the symptoms of phytotoxicity may disappear after 15 days, and no remedial measures are necessary. If irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer are applied during this period, it will often increase the damage. For some of the crops that are in the stagnant water, the phytotoxicity may be heavy and the plants should be replanted in a timely manner. The sowing depth should be increased.