introduction
With the use of nanoparticles in consumer products more widely, in contact with the human body and the migration of nano-particles more and more attention, and thus poses a problem: nanoparticles in consumer products will be migrated to the human body do? People mainly through physical contact interaction to occur with these products, it is necessary to understand how the body is in contact with the nanoparticles to achieve human migration through.
This paper discusses the nanoparticles on the surface of nano-materials on how to migrate to the rag, and focused on several major features of nanoparticles released: the total mass concentration and particle number concentration and particle size distribution. We examined the silver nanoparticles that are widely used for antibacterial properties, and the migration of copper oxide nanoparticles on the surface of the paint coating . A detailed description of the test methods can be found in the relevant literature 1 , which is only an overview here.
experiment
Sample and sample preparation
In this study, we tested two different consumer products: a silver-containing silicone keyboard membrane and a wooden block coated with a copper oxide coating (Table 1 ). To evaluate the transport of nanoparticles on these products, we used two rags and synthetic sweat 2 . Different cloth is used to reduce the background to maximize the value of at least silver and copper: silver background value smaller wipes for detecting nano silver particles, copper and another small cloth is detected background value copper nanoparticles Better choice.

In the nanoparticle migration study, a method of wiping by a 5 x 5 cm rag soaked with 0.5 ml of artificial sweat was used, as described in the NIOSH Guide Wipe Element: Method 9102 . 3 To ensure consistency, wipe with a specific overlapping “ S ” path and the sample is placed on the balance to ensure that each sample is equally stressed. After the wiping operation is completed, once the cloth placed into filled with ultra-sonicated for 10 minutes for 20 ml of deionized water in a plastic container; then immediately single particles ICP-MS (SP-ICP- MS) method The suspension was analyzed . For the wood block, it was wiped before and after the simulated wear . The block was manually sanded three times with 180 mesh sandpaper in the same manner as the wipe to obtain a simulated wear effect.
The nanoparticles recovered and extracted on the rag were examined for four tests as described in Table 2 . After addition of artificial sweat and / or nanoparticles, the sample was immersed in 20 ml of deionized water, in an ice bath and sonicated for 10 min; then immediately analyzed by SP-ICP-MS. These tests used 30 nm silver nanoparticles ( supplied by Swedish Cline ) and 30-50 nm copper oxide nanoparticles ( provided by PlasmaChem , Germany )

Instrument conditions and analysis conditions
All samples were analyzed using a PerkinElmer NexION® ICP-MS single grain mode (SP-ICP-MS) for the next, and the use of nanotechnology applications Syngistix ™ software for data analysis and processing modules combined. Conditions of the test used as shown in Table 3. Transmission efficiency of the system is calculated by the 60nm gold particles, while sample uptake rate was measured in accordance with a given time difference between the mass of water per day lift.

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