The National Health and Family Planning Commission held a press conference on the 13th to announce the China Family Development Report 2015. The report shows that China's family development is undergoing seven major changes, such as miniaturization of family size and diversification of family types. Among them, mobile families and left-behind families have become the norm of the family. In terms of household income, the top 20% of households are 19 times the households with the lowest income of 20%. According to Wang Haidong, Director of the Family Planning Department of the National Health Planning Commission, the report was derived from the “China Family Development Tracking Survey” organized by the National Health Planning Commission last year. This is the first national-family follow-up survey led by the government in China, covering 32,500 sample families. All provinces in mainland China.

â– Report focus

Marital status

There are more men in the rural areas and more women in the town.

According to the China Family Development Report 2015, unmarried men are concentrated in rural areas and are distributed in all age groups; unmarried women are more concentrated in urban areas.

The "Report" pointed out that in the context of China's urban-rural differences and population movements, coupled with the choice of marriage gradients in the process of mate selection, the contradiction of marriage matching will inevitably shift.

The "Report" explains that marriage gradient squeeze refers to the shortage of women of the same age and marriage, men will choose from low-age women, "old husbands and wives" increase; squeeze to a certain extent, it will develop to other areas, such as urban males Looking for more women in rural areas.

Among them, in some poverty-stricken areas, rural men with poor conditions often become the ultimate bearers of “marriage gradient squeeze”, resulting in some older men in economically underdeveloped areas being “forced” unmarried or even unmarried for life because of difficulties in choosing a spouse. For example, the proportion of unmarried men in rural areas over 50 years old is more than 2%. Those who are still unmarried are most likely to be unmarried for life.

According to the "Report", among the unmarried people of all age groups aged 30 and above, the proportion of unmarried women in urban areas is much higher than that of rural women. This is mainly because some urban women are highly educated and economically independent, because they pursue self-worth. Postponing marriage due to realization and career development.

child

More than 30% of rural children "left behind"

Under the process of urbanization, after the rural laborers entered the towns, the remaining family population formed a special family form in the rural areas, mainly including left-behind children's families, left-behind women's families and left-behind elderly families.

The survey shows that mobile families and rural left-behind families have become an important form in China's family model. The proportion of migrant households was 17.2%.

The data show that rural left-behind children account for 35.1% of all rural children. Nearly half of the parents who stayed with the children were not around.

The "Report" reminds that the majority of rural left-behind children are generally in a state of "living in the absence of people in life, lack of discipline in behavior, and lack of counseling in learning." The lack of parental care during the growth of these children will have a negative impact on their healthy growth.

In the sub-region, the proportion of left-behind children is higher in the central and western regions. The regional distribution is consistent with the regional distribution characteristics of rural outflows in China, that is, the rural labor force mainly migrates from the western part of China to the eastern coast.

According to the "Report", the left-behind children in rural areas are raised by their grandparents. The educational level of the dependents is often low, lack of basic health care knowledge, and the awareness of disease prevention is weak, so the incidence of diseases is relatively high.

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