The occurrence of major diseases 1. Rust rust, also known as yellow powdery disease, can infect a variety of cold-season turfgrasses and mainly harms bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, Bermudagrass, tall fescue, Taiwan grass, and horseshoe gold, especially meadow bluegrass and ryegrass. Serious damage. The disease mainly occurs in leaves and leaf sheaths, but also infects the base and panicles. At the beginning of the disease, yellow-brown colonies formed in the diseased area and rust-like substances were scattered. When the damage is severe, the lawn becomes brown and seriously affects the ornamental quality. The pathogenic bacteria suitable for the growth temperature of l7 °C to 22 °C, relative humidity of 80%. When the temperature is between 2°C and 3°C, it is beneficial to the formation of spores, especially when the leaves are moist for a long time to facilitate the germination and invasion of the uredia spores. High air temperature, large lawn density, improper irrigation, poor drainage, low surface water accumulation, and partial application of nitrogen fertilizer are the main causes of the disease. The onset is more common in the south and begins in late March. It is more severe from April to June and late autumn and early winter. Especially in the low temperature and high humidity in autumn. When the hot summer season passes, the temperature drops and the air gets wet, and the disease will happen quickly. Turf rust in the northern regions generally began to occur in late July and early August. In July and August, it was the most serious period and lasted for 10 months. 2. Powdery Mildew Powdery Mildew is one of the common stem and leaf diseases on turfgrass, and the most serious diseases are Poa pratensis, Festuca arundinacea, and Bermudagrass. It is an important disease on the grass of Poa pratensis and Festuca. The chlorotic spots of 1 to 2 mm of round or oval shape appeared first on the affected leaves, with more leaves, and gradually enlarged into nearly round and oval fluffy mildew spots. White, white, grayish brown. When the onset is severe, the lawn is grayish and the disease usually occurs severely in the spring and autumn. When the lawn is subjected to extreme drought stress, powdery mildew is aggravated. The pathogen mainly overwinters in the body of the diseased plant or in the diseased body with the mycelia or the closed capsule shell. Through airflow, initial infestation of valerian is initiated in late spring or early summer. The suitable temperature for spore germination is 17-20°C, and the humidity requirement is not strict. The release of ascospores requires high humidity conditions, which usually occur after summer and autumn rainfall. 3, smut smut The most widespread distribution of smut, the greatest harm. The disease can infect 26 genera and 48 species of Gramineae, of which creeping bentgrass, ryegrass, and bluegrass are susceptible, and Poa pratensis is most susceptible. The damaged plants are dwarfed and their leaves turn yellow. As the disease progresses, the leaves curl and black phospores pile up on the leaves and leaf sheaths. Afterwards, the spores burst and black powder is emitted. If you touch these black or soot-like powders by hand, Will be erased. Severe diseased plants curled and shattered from top to bottom and even the entire plant died. The most common occurrence of smut is cold and wet weather in spring and autumn (when the temperature is lower than 21.1°C) and gradually disappears with the warm weather. Although the symptoms are most pronounced in the cold season, there is less damage to the turf, but the turfgrass is severe in dry, hot summers (when the grass is in hot, drought stress) or in winter when dry and low temperature stress is encountered. . The disease easily occurs in late spring or early autumn. The incidence of disease is heavy when the soil is dry, thin, heavy, and too deep. 4, other diseases in the northern region of turfgrass turf wilt also occur in early September. The diseases that are prone to occur in the autumn lawn include full-blown disease (mainly hazardous bentgrass), leaf blight of Degeromyces, schizophrenia spp., Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Prevention 1. Breeding resistant varieties When lawns are planted, disease-resistant varieties are selected or the characteristics of different turfgrass varieties are used for mixed sowing, so as to improve the resistance of lawns. Can effectively reduce the incidence of disease. 2, strengthen the scientific management of conservation Before planting the lawn, the clay soil should be mixed with sandy soil, sandy soil with some pond mud, and the poor soil with organic fertilizer as the base fertilizer. Strengthen cultivation management and increase phosphorus and potash fertilizers. Do not excessively apply nitrogen fertilizer in summer and keep the normal proportion of phosphorus and potassium: During the onset of disease, do not apply nitrogenous fertilizers in a partial manner. Apply more phosphorus and potassium to increase resistance. In particular, pay attention to avoid applying nitrogen fertilizer in summer. Rational irrigation can reduce lawn humidity and reduce turf water accumulation, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of lawn diseases. Proper watering to avoid excessive humidity in the grass or too dry, to see dry see wet, avoid watering in the evening. Ensure that the lawn is air and light, so as to inhibit germination and invasion. Punctual ventilation and timely reduction of turfgrass density, timely pruning after onset, reducing the number of bacteria, also have a certain effect on the prevention and treatment of turfgrass disease. Care must be taken to sterilize the lawnmower blades when trimming. 3, chemical prevention The best way to control turfgrass is to use preventive germicides. Fall into the high incidence of lawn disease in the fall, spraying a protective fungicide every 10-15 days before the occurrence of the disease. The main agents that can be used are: carbendazim, chlorothalonil, and chlorate-protected dan. After the lawn is trimmed, 75% of Chlorothalonil should be sprayed in time for prevention and protection. In the early stages of turfgrass, control rust, powdery mildew, smut can be used 25% of triadimefon (triadimefon) wettable powder 25% of the therapeutic fungicides, 250-300 times of diene sodium, spray grams 800-1000 The liquid, thiophanate-methyl 800 times solution, 70% mancozeb WP and 400 times liquid agent are used for prevention and control, which play a very good prevention and treatment of the above diseases. Anti-fungal diseases specific anti-agents are Amisida, Phoebe and so on. The spraying effect is generally good when the leaves of the turfgrass are kept dry. The frequency of spraying is mainly determined by the length of the residual period of the drug, usually 7 to 10 days. It should be mixed or used alternately to avoid drug resistance. The BPAP System makes a good performance in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) and other departments. Offer you the choices you need in ventilation, monitoring and technique. what`s more, our expertise in ventilation is based on rich 23-year history of developing BPAP solutions that meet your needs. Good performance based on High Security, High Accuracy, High Stability and accurate monitoring. BPAP 30,Ventilator Non Invasive,Non Invasive Ventilation Equipment,Non Invasive Vent Equipment Shenyang RMS MEDICAL TECH CO.,LTD , https://www.medicalrms.com
In the fall, with the end of the high-temperature and high-humidity season, the cold-season lawn ushered in the second growth peak of the year. The diseases that occurred on the lawn during this period mainly included rust, smut, powdery mildew, and full-bleeding. In some areas, there was sporadic occurrence of Pythium wilt. Now we will introduce the occurrence and prevention of major lawn diseases in autumn as follows for reference by industry colleagues.