In recent years, corn stalk returning technology has gradually gained popularity, but some farmers have not mastered this technology comprehensively. Some problems have appeared in the application, and even negative effects have occurred. Some fields have low wheat emergence rate, yellow seedling, weak seedlings and even death. Seedling phenomenon. After analysis, the main reason is that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is out of balance, the straw is crushed too thick, the soil is too loose, and production should be prevented.
First, the prevention of carbon and nitrogen ratio imbalance
The carbon to nitrogen ratio of corn stover is 65-85:1, while the ratio of carbon to nitrogen suitable for microbial activity is 25:1. After the straw is returned to the field, the nitrogen in the soil is insufficient, the microorganisms compete with the crop for nitrogen, and the wheat seedling will yellow due to nitrogen deficiency. Thin, poor growth. Solution: After the straw is crushed, apply 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate or 20 kg of urea per acre on the surface of the straw, and then plow it.
Second, the anti-stalk smash is too thick
Some of the smashed straw is too long and the length is more than 10 cm, which is not conducive to ploughing and affects planting. Solution: Use a large straw pulverizer with relatively large horsepower, so that the straw is smashed finely, and the rotary tillage is deeper, and the straw and the soil are evenly mixed.
Third, the soil is too loose
After the straw is returned to the field, the soil is too loose and there are many large pores. The wheat seeds can not be in close contact with the soil, affecting the germination and growth, the roots are not strong, and even the phenomenon of “hanging roots†appears. To solve this problem, in addition to improving the quality of straw smashing, we must also pay attention to the following aspects: (1) Applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. (2) Improve soil moisture. (3) Improve the quality of seeding. (4) Repress and water at the right time. After the wheat is planted, it is air-dried for 1 day, and the stone is pressed to make the soil dense.
In addition, the diseased straw can not be directly returned to the field, otherwise summer corn is prone to disease. Such straws should be destroyed or fertilized at high temperatures before being applied to farmland.
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