“Spring rain is astounding spring and clear valley days, and Xiamang is connected with summer and summer heat.” In this familiar 24th festival song, the word “summer connection” refers to the small heat that has passed and the great heat that is introduced today.

As early as the Yin and Zhou period, the ancients measured the twenty-four solar terms using a standard. The upright section of the south end is the table, and the north and south flats are the guilders, which are the stereotypes that measure the length of the sunshade. The noon shadow is projected in the center of Kyu. By measuring the length of the noon of the noon, the clever ancients grasped the length of the year of return and the Gregorian year, and also decided the lunar calendar, especially the winter solstice and the summer solstice, that is, the year of the year. Long and shortest time of day.

From the time when the sun is passing through zero, the time it takes to travel every 15 degrees along the Yellow Pass is called "a solar term." It runs 360 degrees every year, experiencing a total of 24 solar terms and 2 per month. Among them, the first solar term for each month is “seasonal”, that is, 12 solar terms such as Lichun, Jingzhe, Qingming, Lixia, Mangshi, Xiaoshu, Liqiu, Bailu, Hanlu, Lidong, Daxue, and Xiaohan. The second solar term every month For the "middle spirit", namely: rain, spring equinox, valley rain, small full, summer solstice, great heat, summer heat, autumn equinox, frost fall, light snow, winter solstice and big cold and other 12 solar terms. "Fairing"

They alternated with "zhongqi". Each lasted for 15 days. Nowadays, people have already called "economy" and "zhongqi" collectively as "economy."

Big heat is the twelfth solar term in the solar terms of the lunar calendar. At this time, the sun reaches 120 degrees in the Yellow Sutra. This year's great heat is July 17th at 17:30:10.

From the point of view, it can be measured that the shadow of the summer solstice is the shortest, so the longest sunshine time, but why the hottest solar terms are in the great heat, not the summer solstice? Experts believe that the summer solstice is the longest day of the year and the day when the sun is close to direct sunlight. However, due to the low surface humidity during the summer solstice, the heat absorbed by the ground will be distributed at night, so it is not the hottest. After entering the volt, the humidity on the surface becomes larger, the amount of heat absorbed per day is greater, the amount of heat dissipated is less, the heat of the surface layer is accumulated, so it is hotter day by day, it enters three volts, the heat accumulated on the ground reaches the highest peak, and the weather is the hottest. . In addition, there are many rains in summer, and the humidity is high. The heat capacity of water is much larger than that of dry air, which is also an important reason for the hot weather. In July and August, the subtropical high was strengthened. Under the control of the subtropical high, the high-pressure internal subsidence caused the weather to be cloudless and clear, and was conducive to sunlight and ground radiation.

The ancients said that the “summer” is “hot”, and the great summer heat at the end of July is, as the name suggests, the most “shameful” in the dog days. Before and after the great heat, it was the day with the highest temperatures in southern China, the longest duration of sunshine, and a temperature of 35 degrees Celsius or more. In the same way, it is also the frequent occurrence of various meteorological disasters such as thunderstorms and droughts and floods throughout the country. However, great heat is also the fastest growing crop in the year. At the same time, abundant precipitation also weakened the overall heat, and the weather gradually turned to the next solar term - Liqiu.

Heavy heat is the most frequent season for thunderstorms, and one of the characteristics of thunderstorms is that it often rains and the other side is sunny. The Tang Dynasty poet Liu Yuxi had a poem saying: "The east side of the sunrise is raining in the west, and the road is clear and sunny." Another major feature of thunder showers is the fierceness of the battle. There is a saying: "The East Flash is not half-dipped, and West Flash is not as far." It means that in the Great Summer Festival, if lightning occurs in the East, the rain will not spread here; if the lightning is in the West, then the rain will be rampant, even too late to escape.

In the hot summer heat, the hot sauna days will become the main theme. As the saying goes, “sum of small heat is not hot, big days of hot summer days”, high temperature and humidity are the main climate characteristics of the summer heat season, and the number of people with heat stroke will obviously increase. In particular, the elderly and children must pay attention to eating and drinking, and eat more food to relieve heat, dampness and spleen. In addition, we must pay attention to mental heatstroke prevention. In the summer heat, in order to avoid the perturbations caused by the heat, we must maintain a regular life and rest, take a rest, and avoid excessive tension, fatigue, or rage.

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