IV Infusion:
Intravenous simply
means "within vein" (or "inside the vein"). Therapies
administered intravenously are often included in the designation of specialty
drugs. Intravenous infusions are commonly referred to as drips because many
systems of administration employ a drip chamber, which prevents air from entering
the blood stream (air embolism), and allows an estimation of flow rate.
Intravenous
therapy may be used to correct electrolyte imbalances, to deliver medications,
for blood transfusion or as fluid replacement to correct, for example,
dehydration. Intravenous therapy can also be used for chemotherapy.
Compared with
other routes of administration, the intravenous route is the fastest way to
deliver fluids and medications throughout the body. The bioavailability of the
medication is 100% in IV therapy.
Intravenous
infusions are fluid solutions administered through a vein. There are numerous
different types of solutions available, but they can be broken down into simple
categories depending on the function they serve. Some replace lost fluids, and
others provide nutrients, replace lost blood, and deliver medications.
One of the most
common uses for intravenous infusions is to replenish fluids lost through
dehydration. These infusions often contain normal saline solution, a
combination of sterile water and sodium chloride. This solution is known as an
isotonic crystalloid, or a solution that contains the same amount of
electrolytes as plasma in the body. It is used in cases of moderate to severe
dehydration, such as that caused by vomiting or diarrhea, when replacing the
fluids quickly is vital.
When a patient`s
gastrointestinal tract is compromised and nutrients cannot be absorbed - or
eating can worsen the condition - intravenous infusions called total parenteral
nutrition may be given. These solutions contain a mix of sterile water,
electrolytes, sugar, proteins, fats, and other nutrients, depending on the
needs of the patient. Diseases and disorders that commonly require total
parenteral nutrition include late stages of Crohn`s disease, obstructive bowel
disorder, and ulcerative colitis.
Intravenous
infusions are also used to deliver medication directly to the blood stream.
Certain medications, such as intravenous immunoglobulin, a type of antibody,
can only be given through the vein. Other medications, such as certain narcotic
pain relievers, are given intravenously because the method allows them to they
work faster than when taken orally. Chemotherapy for treatment of cancer is
also typically given intravenously.
When performed by
a medical professional, intravenous infusions are typically safe. The most
common reaction is mild pain and redness at the site of the injection, although
different medications may cause different side effects. Any time the skin is
punctured, there is a risk of infection. Having a medical professional,
typically a nurse, monitor the intravenous infusion and change the injection
site when irritation is evident can help prevent complications.
IV Infusion,Glucose IV Infusion,Intravenous Infusion NOUVASANT GROUP LTD. , https://www.nouvasant.com
Water quality control in the process of greenhouse turtle breeding The quality of greenhouse water quality is usually determined by its water color and odor. The main factors influencing its color are the excrement of earthworms, feed baits, and other organic matters such as algae. The odor is mainly determined by ammonia nitrogen and H2s. If we can achieve a ecological balance in Dianchi Lake, we can effectively control its water quality. Even if the worm's manure and residual bait are decomposed by bacteria to produce NH3 or NH4+ part of NH3 or NH4 is nitrified by nitrifying bacteria to form NO3-, NO3- is absorbed and utilized by algae, and the algae is the food of Cladocera, and the Cladocera is a soft-shelled turtle. The good bait, so cycled, so as to achieve ecological balance, which requires the following comprehensive adjustments. First, the bottom half of the soft-shelled turtle pond sand, half mesh is better, the sandy bottom is suitable for the turtle's latent habits, will not fight each other soft-shelled turtles, mesh not only can be a hidden turtle, and can form a layer on their nets Biofilms effectively increase the area of ​​attachment of beneficial microorganisms. Second, stocking densities will be 30--40 juveniles or 20--25 juveniles per square metre. Too many will exceed the self-purification capacity of water bodies, and too little will waste effective space. Third, the air supply is relatively closed due to the greenhouse, and the exchange of fresh air with the outside is difficult, so we must increase the amount of pool water inflated, requiring a diameter of 2cm per square meter cloth bubble stone O.3--0.5, fan power is 2w/m2 Oxygen is increased in 24 hours to ensure that the dissolved oxygen in the water is maintained above 3 mg/L. If the dissolved oxygen is not enough, the water can easily stink. Fourth, the water level controls the juvenile period water level 20--30cm, the juvenile to the puerperium period 40-60cm, the distance from the water table to the surface of the turtle plus 2cm. Too shallow Shallow depth of the greenhouse turtles susceptible to disease, too deep to affect the soft-shelled turtle foraging. V. Disinfection Traditionally, Chinese medicines are packed in small mesh bags and hung in the corners of the pool, which can effectively prevent diseases. The use of quicklime to adjust the quality of water is regularly sprinkling, and photosynthetic bacteria or other microbial agents are splashed when the water quality is too fat, which can effectively regulate the water color and odor. Sixth, change the water to reduce the amount of water pool due to evaporation, should join the same pool of new water temperature, when the water quality is about to be corrupted, change to half of the old water, into the same temperature of the new water. Seventh, temperature control water temperature 301 °C, temperature 321 °C, too high or too low will affect the turtle's feeding, bogey suddenly high and low. If the above points are coordinated with each other, the greenhouse water can reach an average of 5-8 months before changing Water, thereby greatly improving economic efficiency and saving costs.