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1. Prevent drought. During heading and maturation of wheat, the climate is variable, and dry hot winds often appear. Wheat blossoms require more water during grouting, encounter drought after heading, and must be watered in a timely manner to keep the soil moist so as to protect the roots and protect the leaves against dry heat. Ability to ensure smooth grouting. Later wheat plants are tall and need to be watered when no water is needed when watering, and it is advisable to water the dry hot air 5 days to 7 days before the emergence of dry hot winds. When the dry hot air appears, it is suspended. After the wind passes, it should be watered to avoid causing lodging.
2. Anti-removal fertilizer. After heading wheat, the roots enter the aging stage, the absorption capacity is weakened, the rhizosphere fertilization utilization rate is very low, and some nutrients are also in short supply. The extra-root fertilizer must be applied to extend the leaf functional period and prevent premature aging. Suitable for growing conditions, spray with 0.1%-0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, or combined with 0.1%-0.2% urea, mixed spraying, can prevent defertilization, improve grain weight, improve quality, prevent dry Hot air also has a role. Foliar spray time, spraying on cloudy or sunny days morning and evening, the effect is better. Pay attention to avoid spraying when the sun shines, and promptly spray after rain.
3. Prevent lodging. As the saying goes, "The wheat is down." Late lodging of wheat generally reduces production by 20%-30%, severe cases can reach 50%, and the earlier the prevention of lodging, the better. Prevention measures: First, for the seedlings that have fallen on the seedlings, shake off the dew on the plants in the morning on sunny days, and suppress the growth; Second, increase the use of plant ash, Shun Mai ridge into the roots, can enhance plant resistance to lodging, increase grain weight; Third, watering should be conducted without wind, so as to avoid root lodging after pouring. In particular, watering pulp and wheat yellow water; four is the density of the field, can be appropriate sparse strains. Broad-grained wheat seedlings can be cut 1/3 of the upper leaves, reduce the load, change the top-heavy condition, in order to prevent collapse. If the wheat field has already fallen down, do not support the bundle and let it be restored by the nature of its own stalk.
4. Prevent dry hot air. To prevent dry hot winds, early-maturing varieties should be used as far as possible. When dry hot winds are encountered, they can be quickly watered and sprayed with grey water. The proportion is 500 grams of ash, 2.5 kg of water, and 20 kg to 25 kg per 667 square meters. Can also be sprayed with petroleum enhancer: 150 grams of booster, 50 kilograms of water, after spraying can increase the water content of leaves, enhance water retention, strengthen photosynthesis, and prevent dry hot air.
5. Control wild wheat. Wild hectares and weeds compete with wheat to compete for water and win light. If they are not timely prevented, they will increase year by year and pose a serious threat to wheat production. Since wild hectares cannot be treated with chemical herbicides, wheat field weeds have also been eliminated, so they can only be removed manually. During the removal process, attention should be paid to the removal of the roots, and the whole wild rice should be taken out of the field. The wheat field weeds must be removed before the seeds are set.
6. Prevent pests. In the late stage of wheat development, there are often a variety of pests and diseases, mainly rust, wheat aphid, and spider mites. Strengthen forecasting and forecasting, prepare enough medical equipment and take effective preventive measures as soon as possible to minimize the loss of pests and diseases.
After heading wheat, the growth of roots, leaves and stems basically stopped. After heading and flowering, the growth center gradually transferred to the grains. This time is an important period to determine the weight and quality of grains. How to raise the roots and protect the leaves, extending the root and leaf functional period in the later period is the key to improving grain weight and quality. Therefore, we must grasp the following six defenses.