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1, a reasonable load, improve the tree nutrition: grape tree load, consume more nutrients, tree nutrients will be reduced. Therefore, controlling production is one of the measures to reduce the number of fallen flowers. Under normal circumstances, the yield per acre is controlled at 1,500 kg, and the maximum is not more than 2000 kg. It can not only guarantee high yield and stable yield, but also guarantee adequate mature buds, good flower bud differentiation, adequate accumulation of tree nutrients, and maximum satisfaction of the growth and flowering in the coming year. The need for nutrients for pollination and fertilization. In fertilizer and water management, organic fertilizer should be added. To produce 1 kg of fruit, 4 kg of organic fertilizer should be applied to improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, create good conditions for root growth, and enhance the absorption capacity of the root system. Post-emergence to flowering, topdressing nitrogen and phosphorus-based quick-acting fertilizers, and timely irrigation according to weather and soil conditions.
2, timely wipe buds, twigs, topping: timely wipe buds, branches and topping, can reduce nutrient consumption, promote inflorescence further development, adjust the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, control vegetative growth, can make more nutrients to the inflorescence To ensure flowering, pollination, and fertilization have sufficient nutrient supply.
3, timely sparse inflorescence: According to the load and the growth of new shoots, timely removal of redundant inflorescences, to the remaining inflorescence to timely spikes, spikelets, ear tips, so that the supply of nutrients more concentrated in the left Inflorescence, to meet the needs of flowering, pollination, fertilization, fruiting nutrients.
4. Spraying boron during flowering period: Spraying 0.3% borax for two weeks before flowering can promote pollen germination and pollen tube elongation, which has a significant effect on increasing fruit setting rate and increasing yield.
5, vine girdling: grape girdling should be carried out in the initial flowering period, that is, in the results of the branches of the fruit in front of 3 cm or the previous section, with a ring knife or grafting knife girdling, stripping mouth width 0.2-0.3 Centimeter, deep to the xylem, stripping immediately with plastic strips strict, in order to facilitate the healing of the mouth. This method can significantly improve the fruit setting rate, especially for the Kyoho line, the effect is more significant.
6, to strengthen the prevention and control of early diseases and pests: In the bud until the new shoot grows to 10 centimeters before, the park uses Fuxing 8000 times plus Wanling powder 3000 times to carry out the second Qing Park and defense against thrips and green-blind mites; before flowering 3 - 5 days, use Yi Bao 1200 times gafuxing 8000 times, plus Wanling powder 3000 times or high efficiency cypermethrin, focus on spraying shoots and spikes, prevention and treatment of diseases such as black pox, brown shaft rot, downy mildew and other diseases Horses, aphids and other pests.
Many flower buds on the grapevine inflorescence. Proper flowering and fruit drop are the normal physiological phenomenon of the grape. The main reasons are the poor pollination and fertilization, the abnormally developed flowers or the lack of nutrition and endogenous hormones. However, if the drop is serious, the normal load of grape plants cannot be maintained, which will seriously affect the output of the year and bring losses to the producers. Falling and falling fruits also have a great relationship with the variety, such as the abnormality of the ovule of Kyoho, part of pollen sterility, and its falling and fruiting is related to its own genetic traits. In addition, abnormal climatic conditions are also one of the causes of flowering and fruit falling. For example, low temperature, drought, and rainfall at flowering time directly affect the development and growth of inflorescences. The normal pollination and fertilization process cannot be carried out smoothly, resulting in fruit drop and fruit drop. In terms of cultivation measures, weeding of buds and failure of timely picking of toppings, excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizers, long shoots, long shoots, watering or spraying of flowering plants with pesticides that are irritating to flowers, excessive load in the previous year, and severe disease and insect infestation , New shoots are not fulfilled, flower buds are poorly differentiated, and inadequate storage and nutrition can also result in falling flowers. Although it is difficult to control the flowering and fruiting caused by abnormal climate and species characteristics, scientific cultivation and management techniques can reduce the occurrence of flowering and fruit drop.