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One is that the fertilizer is effective. Ammonium bicarbonate belongs to ammonium nitrogen fertilizer and can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops when applied to soil. Urea belongs to amido ammonium nitrogen fertilizer and needs to be converted into ammonium nitrogen by urease secreted by urea bacteria in the soil for root absorption. Here, the rate of urea conversion mainly depends on the soil temperature at that time: Under normal circumstances, all urea applied to the soil is converted to ammonium nitrogen, requiring 7 to 10 days at a ground temperature of 10°C, and 4 to 20°C. For 5 days, it takes only 2 to 3 days at 30°C. It can be seen that applying ammonium bicarbonate to crops during the cold season is faster than applying urea; if urea is used, it will tend to affect crop growth due to slower fertilizer efficiency.
The second is high utilization. Ammonium bicarbonate rarely evaporates when the temperature is lower than 20°C. After being applied to the soil, ammonium ions can be rapidly adsorbed by the soil colloid, and thus it is not easy to lose water. After the urea is applied to the soil, it is present in a molecular state before it is converted into ammonium nitrogen, which is difficult to be adsorbed by the soil colloid and is easily lost.
Third, the effect is good. According to the test, ammonium bicarbonate is topdressed in the cold season, and its effect is 1 to 1.5 times higher than that in the hot season.
The crop is fertilized in the cold season and it is better to use ammonium bicarbonate than urea.