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First, potatoes require loose soil and air permeability in the period of hair growth. Afterwards, the soil is also required to be dry and wet, and the soil is often kept in a state of loose air permeability. In combination with weeding, the earth is 3-5 cm thick and the soil is cultivated before the potatoes are ridged.
The second is timely top dressing watering. The hair growth period is the most vigorous growth period of shoots and shoots in the shoots. The roots are also growing more extensively. The leaf area increases rapidly and the amount of transpiration increases sharply. Therefore, the plants need sufficient water and nutrient supply during this period. The water consumption during this period is about It accounts for 30% of water consumption during the entire growth period. The early soil moisture content should be maintained at 70%-80% of the maximum moisture content. If the water content is insufficient, the stem and leaf growth will be slow, and the number of tuber formation will be significantly reduced, which will affect the yield. In the later stage, the soil moisture content should be reduced to 60% of the maximum moisture content in the field. The purpose is to properly control the growth of stems and leaves in order to facilitate the timely entering of the potato stage. At this stage, topdressing fertilizer is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, and 15 to 20 kg of urea or ammonium bicarbonate 40 to 50 kg is applied per mu, and water is applied after top dressing.
The third is when the buds are seen, 100 kg of plant ash or 20 kg of potassium sulfate can be applied per acre, which can prevent the premature decay of the medlar, spraying 0.2% to 0.3% of phosphoric acid on the foliar stage and budding stage of potatoes. Hydrogen potassium solution, combined with boron, manganese, copper, zinc, iron, selenium and other trace fertilizer, trace element concentration in the control of 0.05% to 0.2%, the higher the temperature, the lower the concentration, while the concentration may be slightly higher. Sunny days should be done before 9am or after 4pm to prevent yellowing of the leaves, thereby increasing yield and improving quality.
Fourth, timely prevention of fungal diseases such as early blight and late blight. To prevent and treat early blight, spraying foliar spray fungicide, at the beginning of the disease, use 64% antivirus, 70% mancozeb wettable powder 600 to 1000 times, and 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times spray. Spray every 7 to 10 days, continuous spraying 2 or 3 times. In the early stage of the onset of late blight, pesticides were promptly controlled, with 68.75% silver-farina suspension, 58% metalaxyl MnZn WP, 50% mancozeb, and 70% Aetna Spray per acre, spraying at intervals of approximately 7 days. Once, spray three times. Sprayable protective fungicides such as Miconazole and a special protection agent for late blight can also be sprayed.
Potatoes range from stalks (sixth to eight leaves) to twelfth leaves (early maturing cultivars) or sixteenth leaves (late maturing cultivars), early maturing cultivars to first inflorescences, late-maturing cultivars to second inflorescences The period is about 30 days. During this period, the main stems began to rise sharply, the main stems and leaves had all grown, and there were branching and extension of branches and leaves. The roots continued to expand, tubers expanded to the size of the pigeon eggs, and the dry matter weight of the tubers had exceeded 50% of the total dry matter of the plants during this period. This is a critical period for the entire growth period, and management should focus on the following four aspects.