Precautions for the use of biological fertilizers, biological fertilizers must not only be used but also

In recent years, many farmers have gradually paid attention to the use of biological fertilizers, but only know the application, but do not know how to make them rapidly multiply after application, resulting in weak activity of the biological bacteria applied in the soil, low survival rate and poor effect. . Then, how can the biological bacteria play its proper role after being applied to the soil? The main reason is that the biological bacteria are “cultivated” after being applied to the soil.

First of all, after the biological bacteria are applied to the soil, they must create a good living environment for them.

How to create a good living environment? The main points should be as follows:

First, we must regulate the ground temperature in the shed. In the general bacterial fertilizer, the biological activity is most active at 18-25 °C. When the activity is below 15 °C, the life activity begins to decrease. When the temperature is below 10 °C, the activity ability is very weak, even in a dormant state.

In order to regulate the ground temperature, we must first regulate the temperature inside the house. Generally, the temperature in the shed should be kept at 25-30 °C during the day, and the temperature in the shed at night is low. In order to avoid the loss of ground temperature, the ground temperature is kept constant, except for the film covering. It is also a good idea to cover crop straw in the line.

The second is to regulate the humidity of the soil. Insufficient soil water content is not conducive to the growth and reproduction of biological bacteria, but the soil is too large in watering, poor in gas permeability, and the oxygen content is not conducive to the survival of biological bacteria, because the biological bacteria are mostly aerobic, generally The life activity of the biological bacteria is most active when the soil is dry and wet. Therefore, in addition to regulating the temperature of the ground, reasonable watering is also an important factor. Under normal circumstances, watering should be carried out in the morning on a sunny day, because watering during this time is conducive to the recovery of ground temperature and the elimination of moisture in the shed. When watering, pay attention to pouring small water, avoid flooding with large water, and timely drain after watering to increase soil permeability and promote life activities of biological bacteria.

The third is to provide sufficient "food" for the bacteria.

Biological bacteria are living creatures, and they also need to "eat." Therefore, adequate food is the basis for the survival of biological bacteria. In many greenhouse areas, vegetable farmers do not pay attention to the application of organic fertilizers. The soil organic matter content in the shed is seriously poor. The organic matter content in some areas is not 1%. The biological bacteria in the soil can't get food for a long time, and survival is a problem. How to work for us? Therefore, before the vegetable is planted, it is necessary to pay attention to the application of organic fertilizer. Generally, the farmer's fertilizer is fertilized per mu of vegetable land. 20 square or rice bran 30-40 square is appropriate.

The fourth is to try to avoid damage to biological bacteria.

Biological bacteria are most afraid of fungicides, and many vegetable farmers are rooting the common fungicides for the prevention of vegetable root diseases, which undoubtedly causes the biological bacteria that have just settled in the soil to suffer from the catastrophe. In addition, the large amount of chemical fertilizer applied to the soil in the soil is also very harmful. Therefore, for greenhouses where biological fertilizers are applied, it is best to avoid the use of bactericides to irrigate the roots and to apply less chemical fertilizers such as elemental water soluble fertilizers.

Fifth, the pH of the biological bacteria soil is also required.

Soil alkali or acidity is not conducive to the growth and reproduction of biological bacteria. Under normal circumstances, the soil pH value is between 6.5-7.5, which is most suitable for the reproduction of biological bacteria. The vegetable farmers can be modified according to their own soil conditions to make the biological bacteria "live" in a good soil environment.

Sixth is the matter that should be paid attention to when using biological fertilizer.

1. Validity period: At present, the survival time of effective microbial fertilizers in China is less than one year. Therefore, the purchased microbial fertilizer should be used as soon as possible, and the storage time is too long, and the dormant state of the strain may be destroyed.

2. Application temperature: The optimum temperature for applying the bacterial fertilizer is 22°C-35°C, lower than 5°C, higher than 40°C, and the application effect is poor. It is not suitable for the application of crop fields under high temperature, low temperature and drought conditions. The nitrogen content of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria fertilizer is 60%-70%.

3. Application plot: For soils with high sulfur content and rust paddy fields, it is not advisable to apply biological fertilizers because sulfur can kill biological bacteria. For paddy paddy fields, it is generally not necessary to apply, and the method of spraying will be better.

4, the number of bacteria: the number of effective live bacteria can not be purchased. The state stipulates that the effective viable count of microbial inoculants is ≥200 million/g (particles 100 million/g), and the effective viable count of compound microbial fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer is ≥20 million/g. If this standard is not met, the quality of the product will not meet the requirements.

5, application period: biological bacterial fertilizer is not a quick-acting fertilizer, generally used as a base fertilizer, if applied, in the nutrient critical period of the crop and 7-10 days before the nutrient mass absorption period, the effect is good.

6. Mixing: It should be noted that do not mix bacterial fertilizer with fungicides, insecticides, herbicides and sulfur-containing fertilizers (such as potassium sulfate) and grass ash, because these drugs and fertilizers can easily kill biological bacteria. Or first apply the fertilizer, after 48 hours, then fight the herbicide. If seed dressing, avoid mixing with seeds that have been mixed with fungicide. It should also prevent mixing with unfertilized farmyard manure.

7. Dosage: For the field where chemical fertilizer has been applied for many years, the application of bio-fertilizer can not reduce the application amount of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer, because the crops are dependent on chemical fertilizers, and the replacement of nitrogen fertilizer with biological bacterial fertilizer cannot be adapted at once. Therefore, the substitution amount should be 30%, 40% and 60% in the first, second and third years respectively. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can only be supplemented and cannot be reduced.