Sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation automatic control equipment With the development of economy, water resources, energy shortage and labor cost increase, more and more water-saving irrigation systems will adopt automatic control. This article focuses on the advantages and classification of automated irrigation. Degree Irrigation Nozzle,Irrigation for Agriculture,Impact Drive Sprinkler,Plastic Drip Irrigation Fittings JIANGSU SKYPLAN GREENHOUSE TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD , https://www.engreenhouse.com
Sowing time: Flammulina velutipes is a low-temperature type mushroom, the temperature of the mushroom is 5 to 15°C, and the optimal temperature for fruit body growth is 5 to 8°C. The raw material cultivation is usually planted from October to December, or it can be delayed until the Spring Festival.
Preparation of culture materials: Cottonseed husk, wheat bran and other raw materials should be fresh, no agglomerate, no mildew, and exposed to sunlight for 2 to 3 days. Culture formulation: (1) 78% cottonseed hull, 20% wheat bran, 1% sugar, and 1% gypsum; (2) 96% cottonseed hull, 3% corn flour, 1% sugar; (3) 100% cottonseed husk. Add 0.2% carbendazim to the total weight of ingredients to reduce the occurrence of germs and diseases during cultivation. The material-to-water ratio is 1:1.2-1.4 for the ingredients and the moisture content of the culture is maintained at 65%-70%. The material is mixed and piled up, covered with plastic film and stuffed for 2 hours. If boring or boring time is not insufficient, carbendazim mixed with the culture material will not only not achieve sterilization but will be harmful to the growth of mycelia of the mushroom.
Seeding method
(1) Raw material bottles. Disinfect the bottle and add it to the culture. The bottle is planted by layering, that is to say, a layer of culture material is used to sow a layer of bacteria and a total of 3 layers are seeded. The top layer increases the seeding rate. Strains and culture materials should be closely combined, and the amount of each bottle should be 10% of the culture material. After sowing, the bottle was sealed with a plastic film and tightened. The strainer will be sent to the culture chamber for germs, indoor shading, forming dark conditions, room temperature controlled at 5 ~ 12 °C. After 30 to 35 days, the mycelium grows full of bottles. Move the bacteria-producing bacteria bottle to the mushrooming chamber for mushrooming. Remove the bottle of plastic film, covered with newspapers, newspapers sprayed with water, room temperature control at 5 ~ 15 °C, air relative humidity controlled at 80% ~ 90%. After the emergence of the fruiting body, a 8-10 cm long trumpet-shaped cardboard tube is put on the bottle mouth, and the small opening of the paper tube is put on the bottle mouth and firmly fixed by rubber bands. The tube wall is punctured with 4 to 5 holes for ventilation. The paper tube was covered with newspapers and kept the newspapers moist. Water is often splashed on the floor and sprayed in the room. After 15 to 20 days, the first tidal mushroom can be harvested. Harvested mushrooms are not left without damage to the bacteria. After harvesting, the material surface was well-organized and the mycelium recovered quickly. Spray water once every two days, and after two days of coverage, two tidal mushrooms can grow. Generally can harvest 3 to 4 tide mushroom.
(2) Bed planting and briquetting cultivation. Bed planting, bed width not exceeding 80 cm, unlimited length. Sowing can be combined with stratification and material-on-demand. It is divided into 3 levels and technical measures are conventional. Bulging cultivation, with wooden mold pressing block, wooden model specifications for the length of 50 cm, 35 cm wide, 10 cm thick, on demand or mixed broadcast can be. The cultivation, mushrooming, harvesting and management of the two cultivation methods were conducted according to the routine.
The advantages are as follows:
(1) It is possible to truly control the amount of irrigation, irrigation time and irrigation cycle in a timely and appropriate manner, thereby increasing crop yield and significantly improving water utilization.
(2) Saving labor and operating expenses.
(3) The work plan can be arranged conveniently and flexibly, and the management personnel do not have to go to the field at night or other inconvenient time.
(4) Since it can increase the effective working time every day, the initial capital investment in pipelines, pumping stations, etc. can be reduced accordingly.
classification:
First, fully automated irrigation system
The fully automated irrigation system does not require direct human involvement. The pre-programmed control procedures and certain parameters that reflect the water requirements of the crop can automatically open and close the pump for a long time and automatically irrigate in a certain order. The role of the person is simply to adjust the control program and overhaul the control equipment. In this system, in addition to emitters (heads, drip heads, etc.), pipes, fittings, pumps, and motors, it also includes central controllers, automatic valves, sensors (soil moisture sensors, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, water level sensors, and rain sensors). Etc.) and wires.
Second, semi-automatic irrigation system
In the semi-automated irrigation system, no sensors are installed in the field. The irrigation time, irrigation volume and irrigation period are controlled according to pre-programmed procedures, rather than feedback based on crop and soil moisture and meteorological conditions. The degree of automation of such systems is very different. For example, some pump stations implement automatic control, and some pump stations use manual control. Some central controllers are only one timer with simple programming function, and some systems have no central control. The controller, but only some of the sequential switching valves or volume valves are installed on each branch pipe.
Automated irrigation is the trend of the times. In the future water-saving irrigation projects, more and more automated irrigation systems will be applied.
At present, most of our country adopts clinker to cultivate mushroom, but using raw material to cultivate mushroom can save energy and reduce and simplify the procedure of high-pressure or low-pressure cooking.