Scab disease is a common and frequently occurring parasitic disease that causes great harm to rainbow trout and golden juvenile juveniles. It often causes a large number of deaths. In order to implement pollution-free breeding of rainbow trout and golden trout, we tested the effect of using peppers, ginger, and fish-killers (betel nut + bitter buckwheat) to dip and wash control of small melon worms in the juveniles of rainbow trout and golden trout. The method has achieved good results and is summarized as follows. Light Color Halves Walnut Kernels
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First, materials and methods
Test seed
Rainbow Trout Seedlings: On November 4, 2003, 48,600 eye eggs were purchased. The batch of fish broke the membrane on November 11 and started to eat on November 23, and was cultured in a fish pond on January 6, 2004. The pool size was 1.7 g/tail and 42.25 million tails, and the survival rate of the previous period was 87.4%. The small melon worm was found on February 14, 2004, and there were 79 dead fish between January 6 and February 14 and two deaths per day.
Golden pheasant seedlings: On December 16, 2003, 61,200 eye eggs were purchased. The batch of fish ruptured on December 22, opened on January 4th, 2004, and entered into a fish pond on January 28, 2004 for breeding. The specification for entering the pond was 1.1 g/tail, with 54,000 tails, and the survival rate for early breeding was 89.0%. The small melon worms were found on February 18, 2004. From January 28 to February 18, there were a total of 57 dead fish and 2 to 3 tails died.
2. Culture environment
The fish pond used for the two batches of fish has a size of 6 m × 30 m, a water depth of 0.7 to 0.8 m, a water temperature of 15.2 to 16.9°C, dissolved oxygen of 6.3 to 10.9 mg/l, and a fish pond water injection volume of 0.017 to 0.018 l/s.
3. Control measures
(1) Brushing and exchange of fish ponds When the larvae of juvenile rainbow trout and golden oyster fish appear to be echinococcosis, it is important to improve the environmental conditions of pool water. At this time, after clearing the free fish pond, dip and sterilize it with 8 g/m3 of copper sulfate, and then inject fresh water. After 48 hours, move the rainbow trout and golden trout seeds. During the trial period, this procedure was conducted once a week, which played an important role in enhancing the disease resistance and slowing the development of small echinococcosis.
(2) Drug immersion test Based on our experience in prevention and control in recent years, combined with the pollution-free food "Guidelines for the use of fishery drugs," we first selected salt, salt, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, formalin, methylene blue, and chilli. Ginger, Fangcaoping (betel nut), fish-worm-speed net (matrine), fish-worm nemesis (betel nut plus buckwheat) were used for dipping tests on fish. Due to the poor drainage in the downstream of our field, for the reason of the drug dipping test, the dipping time was set at 1 hour. The test results showed that chili plus ginger, fish net speed, fish insect killer better.
(3) Treatment According to the results of the drug dipping test, the method of treating with chili plus ginger drench dip and fish beetle immersion was used. Due to the large fish pond area, in order to save pepper and ginger, use a live fish transporter for bathing. The transportation specification is 1.5 meters by 1.5 meters, and it is 1.2 meters high. When it is used, it adds 0.9 meters of water and 2 cubic meters of water. 300 grams/cubic meter each with 600 grams of pepper and ginger. The dried chilli peppers were pulverized with a pulverizer, and the ginger was crushed. After adding boiling water for 5 hours and boiling for 2 hours, the mixture was poured into a shipping container and homogenized. An oxygen rack was set up for oxygenation, and the pan was lined with a dense mesh. Add about 20 thousand kilograms of fish into each species, bathe for 1 hour, and then fish the fish to a clean, well-prepared fishpond. On the second day, the amount of fish beetle nemesis (betel nut + bitter buckwheat) was calculated at 4 g/m 3 , followed by boiling for 2 hours with water, and immersing in water for 1 hour in the large pool. Then treat it once every 7 days with a fish-worm nemesis and pay attention to keeping the fish pond clean. The rainbow trout prevention and treatment time is from February 14 to May 12. The prevention and treatment time of the golden trout is from February 18 to May 12.
Second, the results
From the discovery of Schizophrenia on February 14, 2004, to February 28th, drug tests, brushing, exchange of fish ponds, and drug dipping treatments were performed. Basically, the small melons of rainbow trout and golden pheasant were treated. Insect disease, death of juveniles before treatment, the number of surface meristems reached more than 100, and more than 30 on the larvae. By February 28, the number of larvae of dead juveniles was up to 3 to 10, and Not checked. There is basically no live seedling. During the 14 days from February 14 to 28, 696 juveniles of rainbow trout died, with an average of 49 to 50 tails/day. Only 163 tails died on February 29 to May 12, and averaged 2 to 3 tails per day. At this point rainbow trout specifications have reached 70 grams / tail or more, usually can not basically check the small melon worm. The golden pheasant seedlings died 572 juveniles within 29 days from February 18 to March 18, with an average of 19 to 20 tails/day; only 304 deaths occurred on March 18 to May 12 in 55 days, with an average of 5 to 6 tails per day. . The juveniles that died were mainly gills, enteritis, and eye drops. The average size of the gizzards reached 26.5 g/tail, and the body surface and gills also could not be detected.
Third, discuss
1. During the prevention and treatment of the rainbow trout and golden pecan echinococcosis, it was clearly felt that the larvae of the golden peony were more difficult to cure than rainbow trout. After 14 days of treatment for rainbow trout, no larvae were found. From the 28th to the 12th of May, the main purpose was to prevent the disinfection, and Jinyu took 29 days to obtain better results.
2. The control of small melon worms should be combined with the life history of small melon worms. The small melon worm is a protozoa that is brought into a fish pond by other organisms or instruments that infect fish or carry worms, or enter the fish pond with aquaculture water. The mature worm body forms cysts immediately after leaving the diseased fish and adheres to the bottom of the fish pond, wall, or other solid surface. The cyst gradually divides into many individuals, ie the larvae, and usually one cyst can form over 2,000 larval maternities. Finally, it breaks out of the bladder and becomes infectious larvae. The larvae of this period have abundant cilia throughout their bodies. They swim to the fish body and rely on the puncture glands on their heads to drill into the fish's skin and fleas, which is the most contagious. If no host fish is found within 1 to 2 days, the larvae will die on their own. Therefore, after the juveniles of rainbow trout and goldfish have been found to be echinococcosis, it is very important to keep the fish pond clean and sanitary.
3. A detailed introduction to the prevention and treatment of small roundworm fish disease, and recommended the use of formalin 125 ~ 250 ml / cubic meter soak 1 hour (water temperature 21 °C) or 3 ‰ ~ 5 ‰ salt solution, etc. Control freshwater fish small melon worm disease. Many rainbow trout farms use methylene blue to prevent and control rainbow trout scab disease, and it is said that the effect is good. We tested 1 g/m3 and 2 g/m3 methylene blue for 30 minutes and 60 minutes, which are not effective, and may be dipping. Insufficient concentration and immersion time may also be due to insufficient purity of the drug used.
4. Most domestic data suggest that copper sulfate can not be used for the treatment of echinococcosis, but copper sulfate has been used abroad as the most suitable drug for the treatment of echinococcosis. In 2003, we used copper sulphate to treat echinococcosis. And get better results.
IV. Conclusion
1. When the rainbow trout and golden oyster juveniles develop epidemic echinococcosis, incubate the pool once a week and transfer the juveniles to a fish pond that has been brushed and sterilized (8 g/m3 of copper sulfate).
2. During the test, 300 g/m3 pepper and 300 g/m3 ginger mixture were used to dip for 1 hour, and on the second day, 4 g/m3 fish insect nemesis (betel nut + buckwheat) was dipped for 1 hour, then each After 7 days of drenching with 4 g/m3 fish beetle (betel nut + bitter buckwheat) for 1 hour, a good effect of the treatment with the small melon worm was obtained. The duration of prevention should be as high as 20 g/fear.