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(1) Culture conditions Penaeus vannamei is a tropical shrimp with a living water temperature of 6 - 40 degrees Celsius, a growing water temperature of 15 - 38 degrees Celsius, an optimal growing water temperature of 22 - 35 degrees Celsius, a slightly lower temperature adaptability, and a water temperature of less than 15 degrees Celsius. Ingestion activity was affected and death occurred below 9 degrees Celsius. The shrimp has strong ability to resist environmental changes and can grow in the water with a salinity of 0.5 to 3.5 pounds. After desalting, it can be cultured in pure fresh water. Dissolved oxygen requires more than 5 mg/l, with a minimum tolerance of 1.2 mg/l. The pH value is in the range of 7.0 to 8.5, and the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, etc. cannot be too high.
(2) Desalination measures 1 Seedlings desalinated Purchasing of shrimps from nursery sites. - We must carefully dilute the seedlings in the nursery, and purchase the salinity between 2 ‰ and 5 出.
2 Before the pond is deseeded, the pond should be covered with a thin film or a multicolored cloth around the pond. The water depth should be about 50 cm. Then the salt should be adjusted to the salinity similar to that of the nursery. According to practice, 50 kg of coarse salt per 60 square meters of water is transferred to salinity differential 1 ‰, then the procurement of shrimp is put into temporary conservation, natural fade 7 - 10 days after removal of the barrier film or multicolored cloth, Normal feeding.
3 The condition of the pond is flat at the bottom of the pond and the mud cannot be too thick. The water depth of the pond is 1-1. 5 meters, and the culture area is generally 2000-3000 square meters. Clear ponds should be thorough, and there should be no aquatic plants, wild fish and other predators.
(3) The stocking time for the rearing of South American White Prawns is generally between mid-May and mid-July. Extensive: - Generally put 10 million - 15,000 acre per mu, yield about 100 kg. Intensive breeding: about 30,000 shoots per acre, yield about 200 kg.
(4) Feeding time and quantity Feeding of white shrimps in South America was performed 2 times per day in the early period of breeding: 8 am, 20 pm; feeding in the middle of the breeding period 3 times per day: 8 am, 19:00 pm, 23 pm in the night; Feeding 4 times: 7am, 12pm, 19pm, 0pm. The number of baits was 8 to 10% of the shrimp weight in the early stage, 6 to 8% in the middle stage, and 4% to 5% in the later stage. Spread evenly on the edge of the pond, and the amount of feeding at night accounts for 50% of the daily feeding amount.
(5) Adjusting the water quality The color of the pond of South American white prawn is yellow-brown. In the early stage of cultivation, the transparency is controlled at about 30 cm and about 40 cm at the later stage. During the cultivation period, chickens, pigs and cow dung were chased once a week for a dose of 2.5 - 3.5 kg per mu.
(6) Disease Prevention and Control P. vannamei is very difficult to treat once it is onset, and prevention must be the focus. The prevention method is as follows: Dibromohydantoin compound disinfectant is used once every 10 - 15 days, and the dosage is 0.1g/m3, and the whole pool is sprayed evenly. The treatment method is: using dibromohydantoin compound disinfectant 1 times, its dosage is 0.2 g/m3, if the condition is serious, change the water after 2 days, and then use it again, the dosage is 0.1. g/m3.
(7) Harvesting and harvesting Penaeus vannamei has a breeding cycle of 65 - 80 days and a specification of 60 - 70 birds per kilogram. Fishing methods can be caught with shrimp cage nets and can also be caught in dry ponds.
Penaeus vannamei belongs to the arthropoda, crustacean, decapoda, and swimming suborders native to the Pacific coast of South America. It is recognized as one of the three fine shrimp species in the world. The shrimp has a long breeding cycle, fast growth, strong disease resistance, and delicious meat. It is a best-selling product on the aquatic market and has a promising future. The key farming techniques are now described below.