Wheat in our province was affected by bad weather such as rain, snow, haze, and low temperature and low temperature in winter last year. Pre-winter seedlings were not as good as in previous years, and were characterized by small groups, weak individuals, slow growth, and late growth. Some wheat field leaves were frozen and rooted. Therefore, from the beginning of returning green, we must strengthen management, highlight an "early" word, and promote the early return of young wheat seedlings to growth, early delivery, more delivery, and increase the rate of tillers and spikes, and achieve yield increase. The measures are as follows: One, get rid of dried wheat leaves The dried and dried wheat leaves that were frozen and died last year covered the wheat seedlings, affecting the photosynthesis of green wheat seedlings. After the temperature rose in the spring and the surface of the soil was defrosted, the dried leaves on the wheat seedlings were picked up with iron wire and smashed at the wheat ridge to bring them out of the field. . Second, cultivator plan, warming up After the temperature rises in spring and the top layer of wheat in the wheat field is thawed, early cultivating and cultivating buckwheat in the wheat field will be carried out to remove compaction and increase soil permeability. Generally, the ground temperature can be increased by 3° C. to 5° C., and the wheat can grow back to green, grow quickly and increase tillering. Improve the rate of tillering and spike formation. When planning, it should be done: Fine, uniform, transparent, not pressure wheat seedlings, leaving no waste and weeds. Third, give priority to the management of three types of seedlings and late-seeding wheat fields Pay close attention to the “one application, two injections†measures to promote long-term growth. One application: In the return period, the topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is applied to accelerate the recovery of wheat seedlings. In the three types of seedlings and late wheat fields, the wheat seedlings grow weakly, develop late, and have less roots. After freezing and freezing injury, the wheat seedlings consume more nutrients and return to green to restore growth. It is urgent to increase nutrients. Therefore, it is necessary to apply topdressing nitrogen fertilizer twice for the first time. During the return period (from the end of February to the beginning of March), soil moisture in the loquat soil is good, and 5 to 7 kg of urea per mus of Mushi is applied and part of diammonium phosphate is added. Only the top dressing is not watered or watered. The second time in the jointing period (early April to mid-year), combined with watering acres of topdressing 10 kg of urea, will help increase the number of grains per spike. Two sprays: "The first spray" sprays plant growth regulators such as Zhuangmiaoling, brassinolide, gibberellin, etc. in the returning green period, 25g of Zhuangmiaoling, 15kg of water, and uniform foliage. Spray 2 times, showing the rapid growth of the medium and small larvae and the rapid emergence of latent buds. "The second spray" sprays foliar fertilizers throughout the field in the green period, 1% ~ 2% urea solution, 0.2% ~ 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, and love more, green wind 95 and so on. Mu spray volume of 50 to 75 kg, the best spray in the sunny afternoon and evening. Fourth, control and promote integration, manage one or two types of wheat and flourishing wheat fields 1. Long wheat fields were treated with water and fertilizer according to population size. At the beginning of returning to the Qing Dynasty, the total number of stems per mu is less than 800,000, and there are wheat fields with deferred and prolonged growth. In the early stage (early March), topdressing and watering are performed. Mu is used for recovering 13 to 15 kilograms of urea. The amount of watering is small, so it is appropriate to seep through the day. At the beginning of returning to the Qing Dynasty, the total number of stems in the mu was more than 800,000. The groups were large, and the individuals were weak and prosperous in the wheat fields. The mid-stage (mid-March) irrigation of topdressing plants was performed, and mu recovery of 13 to 15 kg of urea was carried out to prevent Wang Miao from turning into weak seedlings. For the wheat fields without de-fermentation and prosperous growth, the control of excessive tillers on the basis of repression, planing and seedlings in early spring. The spring water must be postponed until the jointing period (early April to mid-date), combined with watering, Mushi urea 13 ~ 15 kg. 2. Control and promote good management of a class of seedlings. A type of wheat field, water, fertilizer, soil and other conditions are relatively high, the total number of stems per mu in the beginning of returning green in the 700,000 to 900,000, is the range of strong seedlings, to "control, promote" combination, first controlled and promoted to prevent late lodging. The spraying of anti-reversal agents can be combined with the treatment of broad-leaved weeds to spray strong stalk-prevention agents. For example, 30-60 ml of wheat Jinde or 30-60 grams of Zhuangfengan or 15% of paclobutrazol WP can be used. ~40 grams, 30 kilograms of water, uniform spray, pay attention not to heavy spray, no leakage spray. In addition, mastering the shift of water and fertilizers, the first postponement of water and fertilizer to the jointing period (in mid-April), the application of urea 15 kilograms, the first manure followed by watering. Reduce spring delivery, shorten the length of the first internode, and increase resistance to lodging. The second watering in the heading to the flowering period (in early May), can be combined with watering Mushi urea about 10 kg. 3. Promote and control the combination of two types of seedlings. The total number of stems per mu in the early stage of the second type of seedlings is generally between 450,000 and 500,000. Small groups, the spring tube to consolidate the pre-winter delivery, appropriate early spring for delivery, improve the rate of tiller to spike. Generally, in the early or mid-early period (March 10-20), topdressing watering, Mushi urea 13 ~ 15 kg. V. Comprehensive pest and weed control In spring wheat field weeds are severely harmed by Artemisia ordosica, which produces strong resistance to tribenuronic-methyl herbicide. 45.9% “Mishida†30-40 ml/mu, 30 kg of water, and even spraying should be selected. Good control effect. From the stand up to the jointing stage, it was the peak period of occurrence of sheath blight, root rot, and full-blown rot disease. It was also the peak period of the occurrence of spider mites and underground pests. Prevention and control of spider mites with 1.8% avermectin 1500 times plus 40% dimethoate EC 1000 times, 45 kg per mu liquid, while also treating wheat leaf bee. The start-up period (from the end of March to the beginning of April) is for a full-strength strike. Mu with 20% Triadimefon EC 40 ml + 10% Tribenuron WP 10 g + 40% Profenoxone Water Dispersible Granule 4 g (or 72% 2,4D-butyl ester 50 ml), 30 kg water, All fields evenly spray, both chemical weeding and also cure sheath blight, root rot and full-blown disease. In the booting stage, wheat worms are controlled. Mu with 2.5% methyl iso-isocyanide granules 1.5 kg or 5% chlorpyrifos granules 0.75 kg, mixed fine soil 25 kg, evenly spread in wheat fields, watering after application. From jointing to heading (from mid-April to early May), "one shot, full-scale defense." Mu with 1% imidacloprid WP 10g + 4.5% beta-cypermethrin EC 15ml + 5% carbendazim WP 80g + B 50g, 50kg water, spray evenly across the field, can control midge adults, Aphids, head blight, powdery mildew, root rot, etc., and increase the seed setting rate. Comprehensive prevention of underground pests: 1 poisonous soil. Mu with 5% phoxim granules 2 kg or methyl isofluosal powder 2 kg, 30 ~ 40 kg of fine soil, mix well after the ditch applied or smear mulching immediately after spreading, can effectively control Aphid and goldworm. 2 Pouring syrup. Mu with 5% phoxim 0.5 kg, 750 kg of water, Shunmai ridge watering, have a special effect on cockroaches, wireworm. 3 Poison bait. Use 5 kg of wheat bran or bean cake powder, add appropriate amount of water after frying and 0.5 kg of 40% methyl isofluosal powder and mix well and spread it to wheat fields in the evening, 2 to 3 kg per mu, and the effect of anti-mite control is over 90%. . Sixth, prevention and response to early spring frost The weather in spring is changeable, and cold currents often strike. It is necessary to pay great attention to prevent freezing and damage of wheat in early spring. Pay attention to the weather forecast and water before the cold weather. Frozen remedial measures: pay close attention to fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer, mu recovery of about 10 kg of urea and spraying plant growth regulators, foliar fertilizer, rapid recovery of growth and development. In addition, timely cultivating and cultivating fields in wheat fields, warming and protecting soil moisture, promoting root development, increasing the rate of tilling and forming spikes, and compensating for loss of main stem.
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